The speaker references Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This theory in psychology, proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation," suggests that human needs are hierarchical, starting with basic physiological needs and progressing to self-actualization.
"The speaker mentions Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the context of discussing deficiency needs (D-needs) and being needs (B-needs) and how they relate to motivation and self-actualization."